February 20, 2024

The term Horeca, or rather Ho.Re.Ca., stands for Hotels, restaurants and cafes (in many interpretations replaced by Catering) and, as we have already anticipated, includes the hotel industry and all those activities that gravitate around it food, beverage e hospitality. The Horeca channel must not be confused with the large-scale distribution, therefore with large-scale distribution, which instead deals with the trade of food and drink and not with their administration. What is HoReCa? HoReCa is a short for hotel / restaurant / catering and encompasses the whole food service industry. The term HoReCa includes everything that happens at places like restaurants, cafés, clubs, pubs, hotels etc. (called outlets or points of sale from the business perspective) and is a common denominator for this sector-related jobs like chefs, waiters or restaurant managers. You can also come across the term HoReCa when dealing with producers and vendors like Coca-Cola or Heineken who sell their products to various HoReCa outlets.  HoReCa producers and vendors Since the HoReCa market is so big, there are loads of producers and vendors competing for market share. They are usually classified as being part of 3 basic categories: Beer Spirits Non-alcoholic drinks Each category also has a lots of subcategories. Take spirits, for example. There is rum, vodka, whiskey, gin and many other types of drinks, all with their own competing brands and products. Think Amundsen vs. Finlandia, Captain Morgan vs. Bacardi or Jameson vs. Tullamore Dew.  To sum up, the HoReCa drinks market is made up of the most famous brands in the world. Even though HoReCa doesn’t actually make up the most sales for these companies, it’s in their best interest to grab as much market share as possible. Because what it lacks in sales, it makes up with brand building and supporting customer loyalty by associating a product or brand with pleasant emotions and time spent with friends or family. HoReCa outlets or points of sale HoReCa outlet is a place to go out for drinks or food. Sometimes called a point of sale or an establishment (again, for total clarity, it is a place where food & drinks are being served to customers who went out for a lunch, a cocktails-fuelled party or to meet their friends.  A HoReCa outlet can be anything from local family-owned cafés, office canteens or hotel eateries to sprawling, multi-storey restaurants or global fast-food franchises. These places are the backbone of the HoReCa industry and vendors or producers compete to get their products on their menus. Imagine Coca-Cola and Pepsi competing for a slot on a famous New York club menu or Jameson trying to push out Tullamore Dew from a popular London whiskey bar and you will get the picture. Some HoReCa outlets offer delivery services, which was especially important during the harshest Covid-19 waves. Some even don’t offer any service on-premise and rely solely on deliveries. These are called ghost kitchens. FAQs What does HORECA stand for? HORECA is an acronym that stands for Hotel, Restaurant, and Catering. It refers to the collective industry that includes businesses involved in providing food, beverages, and accommodation services. What is the HORECA sector? The HORECA sector comprises businesses involved in the hospitality and foodservice industry, such as hotels, restaurants, cafes, catering services, and related businesses. What are the key components of the HORECA industry? The key components include hotels, restaurants, cafes, bars, catering services, event management, and other establishments that offer food, beverages, and accommodation services. 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Copyright is a form of intellectual property that gives an exclusive right to the creator of literary, dramatic, musical work, computer program, artistic work, cinematography and sound recording for a certain time period. The creators of these works get copyright immediately after expressly making an expression and requires formal registration. Further, copyright law protects the expressed ideas and stops others from exploiting the author’s work without permission. What is Copyright? Copyright is an intangible and incorporeal property with statutory rights for a limited period. It consists of a bundle of rights given by the law to creators of literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works. Once the work gets copyrighted, it can only be reproduced, adapted, communicated to the public or translation with the consent of the owner.  Ownership rights of copyright – Ownership of copyright and rights of the copyright owner are dealt under Section 17 and 18 of the Act. First owner  Persons other than the author as the first owner Joint authorship  Permitting the third party to use the copyrighted work In future course, if anyone interested in the copyrighted work of an author shall in accordance with section 14 of the copyright Act, 1957 gives an exclusive right to do or authorize the doing of any of the following acts in respect of work to –  To reproduce the work  Issue copies of the work to the public To make any adaptation of the work  Translation of the work  Include the work in cinematography  Acts deemed to be infringement of copyright  According to Section 51 of the Act, the following acts amount to infringement of the copyright –  Making infringing copies for sale or letting out  Permitting any place for performance of works in public where such performance constitutes infringement of copyright  Distribution of infringed copy Public exhibition of such copies  How to decide infringement? Infringement of copyright can be decided only by expert evidence. It is a question of fact and it is a matter which can be established by evidence adduced before the Court. The Court may decide, whether or not there has been violation of copyright is to see if the reader or spectator review both the work and get an unmistakable impression that the subsequent work appears to be a copy of the first.  Case law –R G Anand Vs. Delux Films, AIR 1978 SC 1613 – it has been held that there shall be no copyright in an idea, subject matter, theme or plot or historical facts. Hence, infringement is confined only to form or expression of the idea or the manner of its arrangement and not the idea.  Infringement of copyright –According to the Copyright Act, the acts which are deemed to be a duplicate work of the copyrighted work shall be classified into civil as well as criminal infringement. The two remedies are distinct and independent and can be availed simultaneously. In the matter of criminal infringement mens rea is essential.  Remedies against the infringement of copyright –The owner of the copyright shall be entitled to remedies by way of injunctions and damages for the infringement of copyright through the Court. Similarly any person who knowingly infringes the copyright commits criminal offence which is punishable under Section 63 of the Copyright Act. Jurisdiction According to Section 60, a suit or other civil proceedings relating to infringement of copyright is filed either in the District or High Court within whose jurisdiction the plaintiff resides or carries on business or raise the cause of action arose and irrespective to the residence or place business of the business of the defendant.  Format of the legal notice on copyright infringement Legal notices are sent for various purpose and the particulars of each notice differ from each other. Thus to draft an infringement legal notice, the contents shall be as follows –  Name of both parties The work protected by the copyright Date of creation of the work Date when the work was first published Date of copyright registration  Description of the violation of the copyright (include every details such as colour, size, slogans etc) Demands placed over the infringed party (Monetary remedies) Demands with respect to the course of action to be taken by the infringing party with a view to cease the violation of rights of the copyright holder Format Address date and place Subject – Cease and desist notice for copyright infringement. To, M/s XYZ, I/ my/ our client, _____________, am the sole owner of _______________ which is in the form of a _______________ and I/ my/ our client retains all the rights of this copyrighted work. I/ my/ our client have published on ______________ and it was first published on _____________ I got my work copyrighted on ________________. It has come to my notice that, you_______________, has been making an unauthorized usage of the work I/ my/ our client has published. I have not granted permission to you for utilization of the published work and under section 14 of the Copyright Act, 1957, I/ my/ our client as the sole copyright holder, reserve the right to distribution of my copyrighted work. I would like to bring to your notice that, since your act amounts to infringement of my/ our client’s legal rights granted under section 63 of the Copyright Act, 1957, you are held liable to a fine ranging from INR ________________________ and also failing which criminal charges shall be pressed against you. Further, I hereby, demand that you, cease the unauthorized use of my copyrighted work; provide me with a written assurance that you will desist from making any further unauthorized use of my copyrighted work; My Client calls upon you to immediately act upon the requisitions stated above and compensate my Client for the loss suffered by my Client, I/ my/ our client hope that you understand the civil and penal charges that such an infringement of my legal right attracts and hope that you will work on the issue expediently. I/ we look forward to hearing from you within fifteen (15) days hereof that you shall

The “market size” is made up of the total number of potential buyers of a product or service within a given market, and the total revenue that these sales may generate. It’s important to calculate and understand market size for several reasons. First, entrepreneurs and organizations can use market sizing to estimate how much profit they could potentially earn from a new business, product or service. This helps decision-makers to decide whether they should invest in it. If you choose to move forward, this analysis will also help you to develop a marketing strategy that addresses the unique needs and potential of your core market. Market sizing can also help you to estimate the number of people that you may need to hire before you launch a new product or service, rather than “feeling your way” as you test your new market. If you know this from the start, you can optimize your approach to recruitment, so that you have the right people in place when you need them. What is market sizing? Market sizing is the process of identifying the potential number of clients or customers, as well as the total revenue or sales for a product or service within a given market. While it’s an important exercise for all businesses to carry out regularly, it is particularly useful for startups and entrepreneurs in the early stages of their business. Since they often lack primary data, market sizing can give them a rough snapshot of the market share they can potentially capture. It’s a process of gathering market data from both primary and secondary sources, then piecing that data together to give an estimate of market size and value. For reference, a primary source will be whatever has the original or first-hand information you’re looking for. A secondary source will have information that they collected from somebody or something else (either the primary source or another secondary source). To carry out market sizing research, you may use a number of different sources, including government data, competitors’ public records, and your own primary research. Market sizing can provide data on: Total potential market volume and value Target customer profiles The main competitors Investment decisions Current trends in a particular market The products or services available in that market Market sizing requires you to make various assumptions regarding your sector, industry, and product or service. This means that it is not an exact science, and assumptions must be continually refined and reviewed as you gather more data about your market. Market Sizing Methods There are two methods that are commonly used for market sizing: 1. Top Down Market Sizing – although the top-down method is simple, it’s often unreliable and overly optimistic. It looks at the “relevant” market size for your product or service, and then calculates how much your organization might earn from it. For example, imagine that your organization markets learning resources to schools. Your research shows that there are 6,000 relevant schools in your country. You know that the average sale per school is around $50,000, which means that your market size is $300 million. Of course, this is an incredibly optimistic and unrealistic figure. Not every school needs your products, and they’re unlikely to purchase $50,000 worth of goods each, so it could be a real challenge to capture even a small percentage of this market. A top-down approach gives you inflated data, and you often can’t rely on it to make good decisions. 2. Bottom-Up – This approach is often more time-consuming than top-down market sizing, because you do all of your own market research and you don’t rely solely on generalized forecasts and trends. However, you’ll get a more realistic and accurate assessment of your market’s potential. How to Calculate Market Size 1. Define Your Target Market- To predict the size of your market, you need to know the type of person that your product or service is best suited to. Your offering has to fulfilll a need – or solve a problem – uniquely well for a group of people, and you need to define who these people are. Also, think about how you can access these customers – there’s no point considering them if you can’t reach them cost-effectively.You can use market segmentation to divide your market into specific groups. This will give you a greater understanding of each group that your product or service will appeal to, and will enable you to tailor your offering to the specific needs of each group. Once you’ve identified the different possible segments in your market, choose the ones that you want to focus on to build your business.Now you need to determine how large the market is for each segment you’ve identified. To do this, contact business organizations, data providers, civic organizations, city and state development offices, or regulatory agencies that handle business and commerce; and do what you can to source a list of potential clients in your chosen segments. Example- Your organization wants to develop point-of-sale software for mid-sized grocery stores. But, before you invest the time and money to develop the software, you need to make sure that the market is large enough, and that people are interested enough in your product to buy it.After researching online and contacting your region’s business and commerce department, you determine that there are roughly 10,000 mid-sized grocery stores in your country, and you source a list of these stores. 2. Use Market Research to Assess Interest in Your Product- Obviously, not everyone in your target market will want to buy your product. So your next step is to estimate realistic interest.One way to do this is to focus on competitors who target the same group of buyers. What is their market share? And what are their annual sales for similar products or services?If your competitors are exclusively focused on this market, this can give you a good estimate of potential market size. However, it can be almost impossible to source this information if they focus on other markets as well, or if they