March 9, 2024

Fast-moving consumer goods are products that sell quickly at relatively low cost. These goods are also called consumer packaged goods. FMCGs have a short shelf life because of high consumer demand (e.g., soft drinks and confections) or because they are perishable (e.g., meat, dairy products, and baked goods).These goods are purchased frequently, consumed rapidly, priced low, and sold in large quantities. They also have a high turnover when they’re on the shelf at the store. Understanding Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) FMCG products, or merely fast moving consumer goods, are non-durable products that need to be sold, usually at a low cost, and consumed within a set duration. FMCG products are perishable and highly demanded, so they are produced and sold in large quantities. Examples of these goods include processed, baked, frozen and fresh food, beverages and confectionery, toiletries, over-the-counter medications etc. FMCG products are goods that are meant for immediate consumption by the average consumer. They are day-to-day items that are purchased recurrently by consumers. It is an industry where competitiveness is one way to thrive, by offering various alternatives and choices for the consumer to choose from. As a result, the turnover rate for this industry is also high, crediting the high volume production and equally high purchases. Packaging plays a major role in the operations, not only for identification, but to also provide any possible extension to and efficacy to the mostly perishable goods in this segment. These goods are often divided into categories, owing to their shelf-life. They include processed goods like cheese, cereals etc. and prepared meals that are ready to eat and/or frozen food that is heated at the time of consumption. Beverages, baked goods, cleaning products and prescriptionless medications, stationery etc. Highlights of Fast Moving Consumer Goods Products (FMCG) FMCG products have inelastic demand i.e. despite the change in factors of demand, the demand for them is loosely affected. The recent shift in consumer perspective to purchase and support local brands increased the importance and brought local contributions in the FMCG industry to light. Local consumption reduces costs in marketing, packaging and transportation, while also making it convenient for the consumer to procure their products. FMCG products make up more than a half of the entire consumer spending segment. It also is the largest employing industry, often providing jobs in many rural and urban areas. Types of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Processed foods: Cheese products, cereals, and boxed pasta Prepared meals: Ready-to-eat meals Beverages: Bottled water, energy drinks, and juices Baked goods: Cookies, croissants, and bagels Fresh foods, frozen foods, and dry goods: Fruits, vegetables, and nuts Medicines: Aspirin, pain relievers, and other medication that can be purchased without a prescription Cleaning products: Baking soda, oven cleaner, and window and glass cleaner Cosmetics and toiletries: Hair care products, concealers, toothpaste, and soap Office supplies: Pens, pencils, and markers The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Industry Because fast-moving consumer goods have such a high turnover rate, the market is not only very large, it is very competitive. Some of the world’s largest companies compete for market share in this industry including Tyson Foods, Coca-Cola, Unilever, Procter & Gamble, Nestlé, PepsiCo, and Danone. Companies like these need to focus their efforts on marketing fast-moving consumer goods to entice and attract consumers to buy their products. That’s why packaging is a very important factor in the production process. The logistics and distribution systems often require secondary and tertiary packaging to maximize efficiency. The unit pack or primary package is critical for product protection and shelf life, and also provides information and sales incentives to consumers. FAQs What Are Consumer Packaged Goods? Consumer packaged goods are the same as fast-moving consumer goods. They are items with high turnover rates, low prices, or short shelf lives. Fast-moving consumer goods are characterized by low profit margins and large sales quantities. Some products that fall within this group include soft drinks, toilet paper, and dairy products. What Are 3 Types of Consumer Goods? The three main consumer goods categories are durable goods, nondurable goods, and services. Durable goods, such as furniture or cars, last at least three years. Often, economists will watch durable goods spending to track the economy’s health. Nondurable goods are items with a shelf life of under three years and are consumed rapidly. Fast-moving consumer goods fall within this category. Finally, services include intangible services or products, such as haircuts or car washes.  What Are Some of the Largest Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Companies? Nestlé, Procter & Gamble, and Coca-Cola are among the world’s largest fast-moving consumer goods companies. Swiss-based Nestlé, for instance, operates over 2,000 brands that cover everything from vitamins to frozen foods.8 Notably, the competition for market share is high within the fast-moving consumer goods industry. In response, companies focus heavily on packaging to attract customers and preserve the product’s shelf life and integrity. 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Embark on an exciting journey to unlock the secrets of obtaining a Hookah Lounge License in the enchanting state of Rajasthan. Discover the simple yet essential steps that pave the way for your dream hookah lounge to become a reality. From navigating the paperwork to understanding the fees involved, we’ll guide you through the process in plain, easy-to-understand language. Rajasthan bar license is a document of permission granted to a bar for the retail sale of liquor to its bonafide members for consumption in the prescribed premises. To promote tourism, Rajasthan Government has removed the restriction for Restaurant Bars. The Land of Kings (Rajasthan) & Pink City (Jaipur) might be the many people’s showcase destination in north India. Thus, the demand for bars has steadily grown, and the running of a bar has become a very lucrative business. After the petrol pump and gas agencies, a bar can be among the most profitable investment. The Government of Rajasthan issues bars license under the Rajasthan Excise Act to regulate the consumption and sales of liquor. Overview of Hookah Lounge License in Rajasthan A hookah lounge license is a legal authorization or permit granted by the relevant government authorities that allow an individual or entity to operate a hookah lounge business in a specific location. It is necessary to obtain this license to ensure that the hookah lounge operates in compliance with the law and meets the prescribed regulations and standards. Rajasthan Excise Act Rajasthan bar license is mandatory under the provisions of Rajasthan Excise Act. This act moderates the import, manufacture, distribution and sale of liquor which includes spirits, Liquor, Tari, Pachawar, Beer, IMF and all liquid consisting of alcohol. Beer includes ale, stout, porter and all other fermented Liquors made from malt. IMFL means foreign Liquor made in India, i.e. Indian Made Foreign Liquor Importance of Bar License Some of the significance of obtaining Rajasthan bar license is explained here:   Bar license is used to mitigate the unnecessary sale of liquor, drug licenses are provided for monitoring the mechanism. It is unlawful for any person to manufacture, distribute or sell intoxicating liquor without a drug license issued by the Rajasthan Government There is a requirement to regulate the selling of alcohol and to maintain the health and peace in the State, there is a requirement to monitor the sale of liquor, and hence a drug license is necessary. Classification of Bar License According to the Rajasthan Excise Act, 1973, Rajasthan Drug License can be classified in the following categories: Restaurant bar license Club bar license Hotel bar license Restaurant bar license– Restaurant license means retail on the license for the sale of beer, Wine and Ready to Drink Liquor granted to a Restaurant which makes the sale to customers for consumption in Restaurant premises. Restaurant bar license is issued under Rajasthan Excise Act, 1973. Club bar License- Club bar license means a license granted to a club for the retail sale of foreign liquor to its bonafide members for consumption in the club premises. Club bar License & hotel bar license is issued under the Rajasthan Excise Act, 1950. Hotel bar license- Hotel bar license means retail on the permit for the sale of foreign liquor granted to a hotel which makes sales international and Indian tourists and visitors residing in it for consumption in a room earmarked for serving alcohol or such other part of the hotel as may be approved by the Rajasthan Government. Basic Requirements The requirement for Standard Restaurant Bar Restaurant means that any place to which the public is admitted for the Consumption of food or drink. The excellent quality Restaurant can be able to sell Beer, Wine and Ready to Drink Liquor: Minimum Annual Turnover of Restaurant Bar should be Rs 10 Lac Taxable and Turnover Income Rs 5 Lac The bar should have A.C. Facility The bar should be a minimum space of 800 square feet and should have a capacity of around 40 people to sit The bar should be Proper Toilet Facility available for Man and Woman Restaurant Bar will sell only Beer Restaurant Bar will not sell Beer/Wine/Ready to Drink to under 18 people The requirement for Hotel Bar Hotel means all Tourist Bungalows and hotels run by the Department of Tourism and Hotel Corporation of the Rajasthan Government and the Government of India. Hotel with at least twenty bedrooms which is adjudged to be of an at least two-star hotel by the Tourism Department, Government of India will also need to get a bar license. Heritage hotels Heritage hotels having hotel bar license can effect retails off the sale of Heritage Liquor produced by the Rajasthan State Ganganagar Sugar Mills Ltd. By visiting official website of Rajasthan State Excise Department,  The requirement for Club bar Club bar is further classified as a civil club and the commercial club as follows: Civil club Bar Civil club means an association of minimum a hundred persons for social, recreational purposes or for the promotion of some common aim on joint expenses without motive to gain profit and duly registered under Rajasthan Society Registration Act, 1958. The civil club should have the following facilities: Swimming Pool Gymnasium having Physical exercise equipment Badminton hall/Squash Court Billiards/Pool table Cards room Lawn tennis court Commercial Club Bar Commercial Club Bar means a duly registered company or firm any organization or association of persons for business and recreational purposes having at least a hundred members. To operate the commercial bar, it should have the following facilities: Swimming Pool Gymnasium having Physical exercise equipment Badminton hall/Squash Court Billiards/Pool table Cards room Lawn tennis court Eligibility Criteria Any person who owns and runs a club/hotel/restaurant as defined above can apply for Rajasthan bar license.  Bar licenses will not be issued to the following persons: A person convicted for any offence under the Rajasthan Excise Act, 1950 or the Opium Act, 1878 is not eligible to apply for bar license: If a person is found to have been convicted for any non-bailable offence by a criminal

The complete patent registration process involves a series of steps which are to be mandatorily followed to get a patent in India. Both individuals and businesses can apply for patent registration for their inventions. What is a Patent? A ‘Patent’, in basic terms, is an exclusive right that is granted to any invention (whether a process or a product) under the Patents Act. An ‘invention’, as per the Patents Act is defined as ‘a new product or process involving an inventive step and capable of industrial application’. The definition highlights three important components, also referred to as the patentability requirements, namely: The invention should be a new invention i.e., the invention should not be disclosed in the public domain in any manner prior to the date of filing of patent application. The product or process that has to be patented should involve an inventive step i.e. the invention should in some manner involve technical advancement as opposed to the existing knowledge. In simpler words, the invention should not be obvious to another person possessing the same skill set. The invention should be capable of industrial application, i.e. the process or product intended to be patented should have the ability to be used or made in a particular industry or any industry. It is only upon satisfying these requirements that an invention becomes eligible for protection under the Patents Act, 1970. Drafting of patent application Once the search is complete and through, the next step involved is to prepare an application form in form 1. Each application has to be accompanied by a patent specification. This has to be prepared in form 2 where one has to provide the complete or provisional specification depending upon the state of the invention(Whether its partially completed or completed). In case one files a provisional application, a time gap of 12 months is provided to finalize the invention and file the complete application. A patent draft will also be required to be submitted along with the application. The patent draft is considered a very important document as the same will be used by the patent office in deciding whether or not patent should be granted. Filing the patent application in India No Stages of the patent process Form No. 1. Application for grant of patent Form 1 2. Provisional/complete specification Form 2 3. Statement and undertaking under section 8 (this is only required where a patent application is already filed in the country other than India) Form 3 4. Declaration as to inventorship Form 5 5. Forms submitted only by start-ups and small entities. Form 28 Publication of patent application Patent application filed with the Indian patent office will be published in the official patent journal. This is generally done after 18 months of filing the application. In case one wants to get it published earlier, he can make a request in form 9 for early publication. When a restriction is placed by the Indian patent act with regards to the publishing of the patent, the same will not be published in the journal. Examining of patent application Every application filed for protection will be examined before a patent is finally granted. The application has to be made for examination in form 18. The earlier one makes a request, the earlier the application will be examined by the examiner. Once the application is filed, it is transferred to the patent officer who will examine the application to ensure the same is in accordance with the patent act and rules. A thorough search is conducted by the officer where he/she analyses the relevant technology in depth and the objections, if any, will be communicated. The report issued in this case is called the First Examination Report(FER). Grant of patent The patent is granted once all the objections raised by the officer are resolved. Rules to keep in mind while filing the patent application The fees payable with respect to the grant of patents and applications therefor, and in respect of other matters for which fees are required to be payable are specified in the First Schedule. An additional fee of 10% is payable when the applications for patent and other documents are filed physically. The fees payable under the Act or rules may be paid at the appropriate office either in cash, or through electronic means, or may be sent by bank draft, or banker‘s cheque. The amount is payable to the Controller of Patents and drawn on a scheduled bank at the place where the appropriate office is situated. If the draft or banker‘s cheque is sent by post, the fees shall be deemed to have been paid on the date on which the draft or banker‘s cheque has actually reached the Controller. Where a fee is payable with respect to a document, the entire fee shall accompany the document. In case of transfer of application from a natural person to other than a natural person, the difference, if any between the fee shall be paid by the new applicant with the request for transfer. In case an application by a small entity is fully or partly transferred to a person other that a natural person, the difference, if any, between the fee shall be paid by the new applicant with the request for transfer. In case an application processed by a start-up is fully or partly transferred to any person other than a natural person or a start-up, the difference, if any, can be charged from a start-up and such person to whom the application is transferred. In short this shall be paid by the new applicant along with the request for transfer: Explanation:  Where the start-up ceases to be a start-up after having filed an application for patent due to lapse of more than five years from the date of its incorporation or registration or the turnover subsequently crosses the financial threshold limit as defined, no such difference in the scale of fees shall be payable. Fees once paid in respect of any proceeding shall not ordinarily be refunded