March 2024


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The Companies (Corporate SocialResponsibility Policy) Amendment Rules, 2018

Companies Act 2013 / /

MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRSNOTIFICATIONNew Delhi, the 19th September, 2018 G.S.R. 895(E).— In exercise of the powers conferred by section 135 and sub-sections (1) and (2) of section 469of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013), the Central Government hereby makes the following rules further toamend the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014, namely:-1. Short title and commencement. – (1) These rules may be called the Companies (Corporate SocialResponsibility Policy) Amendment Rules, 2018.(2) They shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official Gazette.2. In the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014, –(1) in rule 2, –(a) in sub-rule (1), in sub-clause (i) of clause (c), after the words “relating to activities”, the words “,areas or subjects” shall be inserted;(b) in sub-rule (1), in sub-clause (ii) of clause (c), for the words “cover subjects enumerated”, the words“include activities, areas or subjects specified” shall be substituted;(c) in sub-rule (1), in clause (e), for the words “company as”, the words “company in areas or subjects”shall be substituted.(2) in rule 5, in clause (i) of sub rule (1), for the words “an unlisted public company or a private company”,the words “a company” shall be substituted.(3) In rule 6, –(a) in sub-rule (1), in clause (a), for the words “falling within the purview of” the words “areas orsubjects specified in” shall be substituted;(b) in sub-rule (1), in second proviso to clause (b), for the words, “activities included in Schedule VII” thewords “areas or subjects specified in Schedule VII” shall be substituted.(4) in rule 7, for the words, “purview of”, the words “areas or subjects, specified in” shall be substituted. [F. No. 05/03/2018-CSR]K.V.R. MURTY, Jt. Secy. Practice area’s of B K Goyal & Co LLP Income Tax Return Filing | Income Tax Appeal | Income Tax Notice | GST Registration | GST Return Filing | FSSAI Registration | Company Registration | Company Audit | Company Annual Compliance | Income Tax Audit | Nidhi Company Registration| LLP Registration | Accounting in India | NGO Registration | NGO Audit | ESG | BRSR | Private Security Agency | Udyam Registration | Trademark Registration | Copyright Registration | Patent Registration | Import Export Code | Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection | Section 8 Company | Foreign Company | 80G and 12A Certificate | FCRA Registration |DGGI Cases | Scrutiny Cases | Income Escapement Cases | Search & Seizure | CIT Appeal | ITAT Appeal | Auditors | Internal Audit | Financial Audit | Process Audit | IEC Code | CA Certification | Income Tax Penalty Notice u/s 271(1)(c) | Income Tax Notice u/s 142(1) | Income Tax Notice u/s 144 |Income Tax Notice u/s 148 | Income Tax Demand Notice | Psara License | FCRA Online Company Registration Services in major cities of India Company Registration in Jaipur | Company Registration in Delhi | Company Registration in Pune | Company Registration in Hyderabad | Company Registration in Bangalore | Company Registration in Chennai | Company Registration in Kolkata | Company Registration in Mumbai | Company Registration in India | Company Registration in Gurgaon | Company Registration in Noida | Company Registration in lucknow Complete CA Services CA in Delhi | CA in Gurgaon | CA in Noida | CA in Jaipur | CA Firm in India RERA Services RERA Rajasthan | RERA Haryana | RERA Delhi | UP RERA Most read resources tnreginet |rajssp | jharsewa | picme | pmkisan | webland | bonafide certificate | rent agreement format | tax audit applicability | 7/12 online maharasthra | kerala psc registration | antyodaya saral portal | appointment letter format | 115bac | section 41 of income tax act | GST Search Taxpayer | 194h | section 185 of companies act 2013 | caro 2020 | Challan 280 | itr intimation password |  internal audit applicability |  preliminiary expenses |  mAadhar |  e shram card |  194r |  ec tamilnadu |  194a of income tax act |  80ddb |  aaple sarkar portal |  epf activation |  scrap business |  brsr |  section 135 of companies act 2013 |  depreciation on computer |  section 186 of companies act 2013 | 80ttb | section 115bab | section 115ba | section 148 of income tax act | 80dd | 44ae of Income tax act | west bengal land registration | 194o of income tax act | 270a of income tax act | 80ccc | traces portal | 92e of income tax act | 142(1) of Income Tax Act | 80c of Income Tax Act | Directorate general of GST Intelligence | form 16 | section 164 of companies act | section 194a | section 138 of companies act 2013 | section 133 of companies act 2013 | rtps | patta chitta

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The Companies (Registration Offices and Fees) Fifth Amendment Rules, 2018

Companies Act 2013 / /

MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRSNOTIFICATIONNew Delhi, the 20th September, 2018 G.S.R. 905(E).—In exercise of the powers conferred by sections 396, 398, 399, 403 and 404 read with subsections (1) and (2) of section 469 of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013), the Central Government hereby makes thefollowing rules further to amend the Companies (Registration Offices and Fees) Rules, 2014, namely:—1. (1) These rules may be called the Companies (Registration Offices and Fees) Fifth Amendment Rules, 2018.(2) They shall come into force from the date of their publication in the Official Gazette.2. In the Companies (Registration Offices and Fees) Rules, 2014, in the Annexure, in serial number VII, for the‘note’ the following ‘note’ shall be substituted, namely:-“Note: During the financial year (2018-2019), fee of rupees five hundred shall be payable from 21.09.2018 to 05.10.2018and fee of rupees five thousand shall be payable on or after 06.10.2018”. [F. No. 01/16/2013 CL-V (Pt-I)]K.V.R. MURTY, Jt. Secy. Practice area’s of B K Goyal & Co LLP Income Tax Return Filing | Income Tax Appeal | Income Tax Notice | GST Registration | GST Return Filing | FSSAI Registration | Company Registration | Company Audit | Company Annual Compliance | Income Tax Audit | Nidhi Company Registration| LLP Registration | Accounting in India | NGO Registration | NGO Audit | ESG | BRSR | Private Security Agency | Udyam Registration | Trademark Registration | Copyright Registration | Patent Registration | Import Export Code | Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection | Section 8 Company | Foreign Company | 80G and 12A Certificate | FCRA Registration |DGGI Cases | Scrutiny Cases | Income Escapement Cases | Search & Seizure | CIT Appeal | ITAT Appeal | Auditors | Internal Audit | Financial Audit | Process Audit | IEC Code | CA Certification | Income Tax Penalty Notice u/s 271(1)(c) | Income Tax Notice u/s 142(1) | Income Tax Notice u/s 144 |Income Tax Notice u/s 148 | Income Tax Demand Notice | Psara License | FCRA Online Company Registration Services in major cities of India Company Registration in Jaipur | Company Registration in Delhi | Company Registration in Pune | Company Registration in Hyderabad | Company Registration in Bangalore | Company Registration in Chennai | Company Registration in Kolkata | Company Registration in Mumbai | Company Registration in India | Company Registration in Gurgaon | Company Registration in Noida | Company Registration in lucknow Complete CA Services CA in Delhi | CA in Gurgaon | CA in Noida | CA in Jaipur | CA Firm in India RERA Services RERA Rajasthan | RERA Haryana | RERA Delhi | UP RERA Most read resources tnreginet |rajssp | jharsewa | picme | pmkisan | webland | bonafide certificate | rent agreement format | tax audit applicability | 7/12 online maharasthra | kerala psc registration | antyodaya saral portal | appointment letter format | 115bac | section 41 of income tax act | GST Search Taxpayer | 194h | section 185 of companies act 2013 | caro 2020 | Challan 280 | itr intimation password |  internal audit applicability |  preliminiary expenses |  mAadhar |  e shram card |  194r |  ec tamilnadu |  194a of income tax act |  80ddb |  aaple sarkar portal |  epf activation |  scrap business |  brsr |  section 135 of companies act 2013 |  depreciation on computer |  section 186 of companies act 2013 | 80ttb | section 115bab | section 115ba | section 148 of income tax act | 80dd | 44ae of Income tax act | west bengal land registration | 194o of income tax act | 270a of income tax act | 80ccc | traces portal | 92e of income tax act | 142(1) of Income Tax Act | 80c of Income Tax Act | Directorate general of GST Intelligence | form 16 | section 164 of companies act | section 194a | section 138 of companies act 2013 | section 133 of companies act 2013 | rtps | patta chitta

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The Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) SixthAmendment Rules, 2018

Companies Act 2013 / /

MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRSNOTIFICATIONNew Delhi, the 20th September, 2018 G.S.R. 904(E).—In exercise of the powers conferred under second proviso to sub-section (1), subsection (4), sub-section (6) of section 149, sub-section (3) and (4) of section 150, section 151, sub-section (5)of section 152, section 153, section 154, section 157, section 160, sub-section (1) of section 168 of and section170 read with section 469 of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013), the Central Government hereby makesthe following rules further to amend the Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Rules,2014, namely: –1. (1) These rules may be called the Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) SixthAmendment Rules, 2018.(2) They shall come into force from the date of their publication in the Official Gazette.2. In the Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Rules, 2014,(i) in the proviso to rule 12A, for the words and figures “before 15th September, 2018,” the words andfigures “before 5th October, 2018 ” shall be substituted. [F. No. 01/22/2013 CL-V (Pt-III)]K.V.R. MURTY, Jt. Secy Practice area’s of B K Goyal & Co LLP Income Tax Return Filing | Income Tax Appeal | Income Tax Notice | GST Registration | GST Return Filing | FSSAI Registration | Company Registration | Company Audit | Company Annual Compliance | Income Tax Audit | Nidhi Company Registration| LLP Registration | Accounting in India | NGO Registration | NGO Audit | ESG | BRSR | Private Security Agency | Udyam Registration | Trademark Registration | Copyright Registration | Patent Registration | Import Export Code | Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection | Section 8 Company | Foreign Company | 80G and 12A Certificate | FCRA Registration |DGGI Cases | Scrutiny Cases | Income Escapement Cases | Search & Seizure | CIT Appeal | ITAT Appeal | Auditors | Internal Audit | Financial Audit | Process Audit | IEC Code | CA Certification | Income Tax Penalty Notice u/s 271(1)(c) | Income Tax Notice u/s 142(1) | Income Tax Notice u/s 144 |Income Tax Notice u/s 148 | Income Tax Demand Notice | Psara License | FCRA Online Company Registration Services in major cities of India Company Registration in Jaipur | Company Registration in Delhi | Company Registration in Pune | Company Registration in Hyderabad | Company Registration in Bangalore | Company Registration in Chennai | Company Registration in Kolkata | Company Registration in Mumbai | Company Registration in India | Company Registration in Gurgaon | Company Registration in Noida | Company Registration in lucknow Complete CA Services CA in Delhi | CA in Gurgaon | CA in Noida | CA in Jaipur | CA Firm in India RERA Services RERA Rajasthan | RERA Haryana | RERA Delhi | UP RERA Most read resources tnreginet |rajssp | jharsewa | picme | pmkisan | webland | bonafide certificate | rent agreement format | tax audit applicability | 7/12 online maharasthra | kerala psc registration | antyodaya saral portal | appointment letter format | 115bac | section 41 of income tax act | GST Search Taxpayer | 194h | section 185 of companies act 2013 | caro 2020 | Challan 280 | itr intimation password |  internal audit applicability |  preliminiary expenses |  mAadhar |  e shram card |  194r |  ec tamilnadu |  194a of income tax act |  80ddb |  aaple sarkar portal |  epf activation |  scrap business |  brsr |  section 135 of companies act 2013 |  depreciation on computer |  section 186 of companies act 2013 | 80ttb | section 115bab | section 115ba | section 148 of income tax act | 80dd | 44ae of Income tax act | west bengal land registration | 194o of income tax act | 270a of income tax act | 80ccc | traces portal | 92e of income tax act | 142(1) of Income Tax Act | 80c of Income Tax Act | Directorate general of GST Intelligence | form 16 | section 164 of companies act | section 194a | section 138 of companies act 2013 | section 133 of companies act 2013 | rtps | patta chitta

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The Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) SecondAmendment Rules, 2018

Companies Act 2013 / /

MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRSNOTIFICATIONNew Delhi, the 20th September, 2018 G.S.R. 903(E).—In exercise of the powers conferred by section 133 read with section 469 of the Companies Act,2013 (18 of 2013) and sub-section (1) of section 210A of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), the Central Government,in consultation with the National Advisory Committee on Accounting Standards, hereby makes the following rules furtherto amend the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, namely:—1. Short title and commencement.-(1) These rules may be called the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) SecondAmendment Rules, 2018.(2) They shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official Gazette.2. In the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (hereinafter referred to as the principal rules), in the“Annexure”, under the heading “B. Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)”,-(a) in “Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 20”, –(i) for paragraphs 23-28, the following paragraphs shall be substituted, namely:-“23 A Government grant may take the form of a transfer of a non-monetary asset, such as land or other resources,for the use of the entity. In these circumstances, it is usual to assess the fair value of the non-monetary asset and toaccount for both grant and asset at that fair value. An alternative course that is sometimes followed is to record bothasset and grant at a nominal amount.24 Government grants related to assets, including non-monetary grants at fair value, shall be presented in thebalance sheet either by setting up the grant as deferred income or by deducting the grant in arriving at the carryingamount of the asset.25 Two methods of presentation in financial statements of grants or the appropriate portions of grants related toassets are regarded as acceptable alternatives.26 One method recognises the grant as deferred income that is recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basisover the useful life of the asset.27 The other method deducts the grant in calculating the carrying amount of the asset. The grant is recognised inprofit or loss over the life of a depreciable asset as a reduced depreciation expense.28 The purchase of assets and the receipt of related grants can cause major movements in the cash flow of an entity.For this reason and in order to show the gross investment in assets, such movements are often disclosed as separateitems in the statement of cash flows regardless of whether or not the grant is deducted from the related asset forpresentation purposes in the balance sheet.”;(ii) for paragraphs 32-33, the following paragraphs shall be substituted, namely:-“32 A Government grant that becomes repayable shall be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate (see IndAS 8, Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors). Repayment of a grant related to incomeshall be applied first against any unamortised deferred credit recognised in respect of the grant. To the extent that¹Hkkx IIµ[k.M 3(i)º Hkkjr dk jkti=k % vlk/kj.k 5the repayment exceeds any such deferred credit, or when no deferred credit exists, the repayment shall be recognisedimmediately in profit or loss. Repayment of a grant related to an asset shall be recognised by increasing the carryingamount of the asset or reducing the deferred income balance by the amount repayable. The cumulative additionaldepreciation that would have been recognised in profit or loss to date in the absence of the grant shall be recognisedimmediately in profit or loss.33 Circumstances giving rise to repayment of a grant related to an asset may require consideration to be given to thepossible impairment of the new carrying amount of the asset.”;(iii) after paragraph 39, following shall be inserted, namely:-“40 *Refer Appendix 1“Effective date41 *42 *43 *44 *45 *46 *47 *48 *48A Paragraphs 23-24, 26, 28 and 32 are amended, and paragraphs 25, 27, 33 and 40-48A have been addedto allow the option of recording of non-monetary government grants at nominal value and presentation ofgovernment grants related to assets by deducting the same from the carrying amount of the asset. An entity shallapply these amendments for the annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2018.”;(iv) In Appendix 1,-(A) paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be omitted;(B) after paragraph 5, the following paragraphs shall be inserted, namely:-“6 Paragraph 40 of IAS 20 related to transitional provisions has not been included in Ind AS 20 since transitionalprovisions considered relevant have been included in Ind AS 101, First Time Adoption of Indian AccountingStandards.7 Paragraphs 41-48 of Effective date of IAS 20 have not been included in Ind AS 20 since these are not relevant inIndian context.”.(b) in “Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 12”, –(i) for paragraph 33, the following paragraph shall be substituted, namely:-“33 One case when a deferred tax asset arises on initial recognition of an asset is when a non-taxableGovernment grant related to an asset is deducted in arriving at the carrying amount of the asset but, for tax purposes,is not deducted from the asset’s depreciable amount (in other words its tax base); the carrying amount of the asset isless than its tax base and this gives rise to a deductible temporary difference. Government grants may also be set upas deferred income in which case the difference between the deferred income and its tax base of nil is a deductibletemporary difference. Whichever method of presentation an entity adopts, the entity does not recognise the resultingdeferred tax asset, for the reason given in paragraph 22.”;(ii) in Appendix 1, paragraph 7 shall be omitted;(c) in “Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 16”, –(i) for paragraph 28, the following paragraph shall be substituted, namely:-“28 The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment may be reduced by Government grants inaccordance with Ind AS 20, Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance.” ;(ii) in Appendix 1, paragraph 3 shall be omitted;(d) in “Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 38”, –(i) for paragraph 44, the following paragraph shall be substituted, namely:-“44 In some cases, an intangible asset may be acquired free of charge, or for nominal consideration, by wayof a Government grant. This may happen when a Government transfers or allocates to an entity intangible assets6 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA :

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The Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Third Amendment Rules, 2018

Companies Act 2013 / /

MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRSNOTIFICATIONNew Delhi, the 25th September, 2018 G.S.R. 925(E).—In exercise of the powers conferred by section 247 read with section 469 of the CompaniesAct, 2013 (18 of 2013), the Central Government hereby makes the following rules further to amend the Companies(Registered Valuers and Valuation) Rules, 2017, namely:-1. (1) These rules may be called the Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Third Amendment Rules, 2018.(2) They shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official Gazette.2. In the Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation) Rules, 2017 (hereinafter referred to as “the said rules”), in rule11, for the figures, letters and word “30th September, 2018” occurring at both the places, the figures, letters and word“31st January, 2019” shall be substituted.3. In the said rules, in rule 14, in clause (f), for the words “one year”, the words “two years” shall be substituted. [F.No.1/27/2013-CL-V (Part)]K.V.R. MURTY, Jt. Secy. Practice area’s of B K Goyal & Co LLP Income Tax Return Filing | Income Tax Appeal | Income Tax Notice | GST Registration | GST Return Filing | FSSAI Registration | Company Registration | Company Audit | Company Annual Compliance | Income Tax Audit | Nidhi Company Registration| LLP Registration | Accounting in India | NGO Registration | NGO Audit | ESG | BRSR | Private Security Agency | Udyam Registration | Trademark Registration | Copyright Registration | Patent Registration | Import Export Code | Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection | Section 8 Company | Foreign Company | 80G and 12A Certificate | FCRA Registration |DGGI Cases | Scrutiny Cases | Income Escapement Cases | Search & Seizure | CIT Appeal | ITAT Appeal | Auditors | Internal Audit | Financial Audit | Process Audit | IEC Code | CA Certification | Income Tax Penalty Notice u/s 271(1)(c) | Income Tax Notice u/s 142(1) | Income Tax Notice u/s 144 |Income Tax Notice u/s 148 | Income Tax Demand Notice | Psara License | FCRA Online Company Registration Services in major cities of India Company Registration in Jaipur | Company Registration in Delhi | Company Registration in Pune | Company Registration in Hyderabad | Company Registration in Bangalore | Company Registration in Chennai | Company Registration in Kolkata | Company Registration in Mumbai | Company Registration in India | Company Registration in Gurgaon | Company Registration in Noida | Company Registration in lucknow Complete CA Services CA in Delhi | CA in Gurgaon | CA in Noida | CA in Jaipur | CA Firm in India RERA Services RERA Rajasthan | RERA Haryana | RERA Delhi | UP RERA Most read resources tnreginet |rajssp | jharsewa | picme | pmkisan | webland | bonafide certificate | rent agreement format | tax audit applicability | 7/12 online maharasthra | kerala psc registration | antyodaya saral portal | appointment letter format | 115bac | section 41 of income tax act | GST Search Taxpayer | 194h | section 185 of companies act 2013 | caro 2020 | Challan 280 | itr intimation password |  internal audit applicability |  preliminiary expenses |  mAadhar |  e shram card |  194r |  ec tamilnadu |  194a of income tax act |  80ddb |  aaple sarkar portal |  epf activation |  scrap business |  brsr |  section 135 of companies act 2013 |  depreciation on computer |  section 186 of companies act 2013 | 80ttb | section 115bab | section 115ba | section 148 of income tax act | 80dd | 44ae of Income tax act | west bengal land registration | 194o of income tax act | 270a of income tax act | 80ccc | traces portal | 92e of income tax act | 142(1) of Income Tax Act | 80c of Income Tax Act | Directorate general of GST Intelligence | form 16 | section 164 of companies act | section 194a | section 138 of companies act 2013 | section 133 of companies act 2013 | rtps | patta chitta

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Unified License

Government Schemes / /

The Department of Telecommunication (DOT) issues Unified License to ISPs, authorizing them to provide internet services to the customers. To get the license, the ISPs have to enter in an agreement with the Department of Telecommunication. This agreement is called ISP License agreement or License agreement for Unified License. The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has amended the Unified License Agreement asking telecom and Internet service providers as well as all other telecom licensees to maintain commercial and call detail records for at least two years, instead of the current one-year practice. The additional time, was based on requests from multiple security agencies. DoT has said all call detail record, exchange detail record, and IP detail record of communications “exchanged” on a network must be archived for two years or until specified by the government for “scrutiny” for security reasons. Internet service providers will also have to maintain details of “internet telephony” in addition to the usual IP detail record for a period of two years. Under Clause No. 39.20 of the licence agreement that the DoT has with the operators, the latter have to preserve records including CDRs and IP detail records (IPDR), for at least one year for scrutiny by the Licensor (which is DoT) for “security reasons,” and the Licensor “may issue directions/instructions from time to time” with respect to these records. The licence condition also goes on to mandate that CDRs be provided by mobile companies to law-enforcement agencies and to various courts upon their specific requests or directions, for which there is a laid-down protocol. Key Components of the Unified ISP License Agreement ISP License agreement or License agreement for Unified License is a contract between the Internet Service Provider and the Department of Telecommunication. After both parties enter into the agreement, the Unified License is granted to the ISP for 20 years. The details the ISP has to fill in the agreement are as follows: Name of the company Address of the company Date when the agreement is made Name of the representative Type of Service Area of service Effective date of the license Name and occupation of the witnesses The rest of the agreement contains the terms and conditions of the Unified ISP License. They are as follows: General conditions: This section discusses the ownership and the scope of the license along with provisions, penalty and other details about the license.   Commercial Conditions: This section details information about the tariffs applicable on the ISP Financial Conditions: This section details information about the payment schedule, the fees payable, the bank guarantees and account preparation. Technical Conditions: This section details the engineering details, the applicable system, the compliance to directions/instructions, network interconnection, quality of service and interface. Operating Conditions: This section details information about the services provision and subscriber registration, the terminals, the obligations of the licensee, sharing infrastructure, confidentiality terms, Network element locations, and activities prohibited to the ISP.  Security Conditions: This section details the security conditions and the application of the Indian telegraph act. Who needs an access services license Telecom operators or service providers offering access services, including internet service providers (ISPs), mobile network operators, and other companies providing voice and data connectivity, need to obtain an access services license. How can I apply for an access services license The application process for an access services license involves submitting the required documents and application forms to the Department of Telecommunications (DoT). Detailed guidelines and procedures are provided by the DoT on their official website. What are the eligibility criteria for obtaining an access services license The eligibility criteria can vary based on the type of license and the specific requirements set by the DoT. Generally, applicants need to fulfill criteria such as financial stability, technical competence, compliance with security and quality norms, and adherence to the regulations and guidelines provided by the DoT. FAQs What are the consequences of operating without a valid access services license? Operating without a valid access services license is a violation of the regulations and can lead to penalties, fines, legal action, and service discontinuation. It is essential to obtain the necessary license and comply with the applicable laws and guidelines to operate legally in the telecommunications sector. Can the access services license be transferred or renewed? The transferability and renewal process of an access services license depend on the specific rules and regulations set by the DoT. Transfers may require prior approval, and license renewal is typically required periodically, ranging from 10 to 20 years, subject to compliance with renewal criteria. What are the regulatory obligations for access services license holders? Access services license holders are required to comply with various regulatory obligations, including ensuring network security, adhering to quality of service standards, maintaining customer data privacy, complying with lawful interception requirements, and adhering to other regulations and guidelines issued by the DoT. Practice area’s of B K Goyal & Co LLP Income Tax Return Filing | Income Tax Appeal | Income Tax Notice | GST Registration | GST Return Filing | FSSAI Registration | Company Registration | Company Audit | Company Annual Compliance | Income Tax Audit | Nidhi Company Registration| LLP Registration | Accounting in India | NGO Registration | NGO Audit | ESG | BRSR | Private Security Agency | Udyam Registration | Trademark Registration | Copyright Registration | Patent Registration | Import Export Code | Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection | Section 8 Company | Foreign Company | 80G and 12A Certificate | FCRA Registration |DGGI Cases | Scrutiny Cases | Income Escapement Cases | Search & Seizure | CIT Appeal | ITAT Appeal | Auditors | Internal Audit | Financial Audit | Process Audit | IEC Code | CA Certification | Income Tax Penalty Notice u/s 271(1)(c) | Income Tax Notice u/s 142(1) | Income Tax Notice u/s 144 |Income Tax Notice u/s 148 | Income Tax Demand Notice | Psara License | FCRA Online Company Registration Services in major cities of India Company Registration in Jaipur | Company Registration in Delhi | Company Registration in Pune | Company Registration in Hyderabad | Company Registration

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Unit economics

learn / /

Unit economics is a simple yet powerful tool that can help you better understand the success and long term sustainability of your business. Whether you’re the CFO of a powerful company or the businessperson trying to get an e-commerce startup off the ground, you should be using unit economics alongside overall cash flow and annual revenue to analyze your company’s performance and plan for its financial future. What Is Unit Economics? Unit economics describes a specific business model’s revenues and costs in relation to an individual unit. A unit refers to any basic, quantifiable item that creates value for a business. Thus, unit economics demonstrates how much value each item—or “unit”—generates for the business. For an airline, a unit might be single seat sold, whereas a rideshare app like Uber would define a unit as one ride in their vehicle. These units are then analyzed to determine how much profit or loss they individually produce. In the case of a retail store, for instance, its unit economics is the amount of revenue it’s able to generate every month from each single customer. 3 Reasons Unit Economics Is Important Unit economics can help you forecast profits. Understanding unit economics can help you project how profitable your business is (or when it is expected to achieve profitability), since it produces a simple, granular picture of your company’s profitability on a per-unit basis. Unit economics can help you optimize your product. An understanding of unit economics is also helpful in determining the overall soundness of a product, providing evidence to suggest whether it’s overpriced or undervalued. Such information can help a company identify favorable strategies for product optimization, as well as determining whether marketing expenses are worth the cost. Unit economics can help you assess market sustainability. Unit economics is also particularly adept at analyzing a product’s future potential. For this reason, many startup founders and co-founders rely heavily on unit economics in the early stages of business development to measure their overall market sustainability. How to Calculate and Analyze Unit Economics Method 1: Define Unit as “One Item Sold” If a unit is defined as “one item sold,” then you can determine unit economics by calculating the contribution margin, which is a gauge of the revenue amount from one sale minus the variable costs associated with that sale. The equation is expressed as: Contribution margin = price per unit – variable costs per sale. Method 2: Define Unit as “One Customer” If you choose to define a unit as “one customer,” then the unit economics is determined by a ratio of two different metrics: Customer lifetime value (LTV): how much money a business receives from a given customer before the customer “churns” or stops doing business with the company Customer acquisition cost (CAC): the cost of attracting a client Therefore, the equation that produces your unit economics is: customer lifetime value divided by customer acquisition cost (UE = LTV/CAC) How to Model Customer Lifetime Value Method 1: Predictive LTV Predictive LTV helps you forecast the average customer is likely to act in the future. The formula for measuring predictive LTV is: Predictive LTV = (T x AOV x AGM x ALT) / number of customers for a given period T (average number of transactions): The number of total transactions divided by a given time span, thus determining the average number of transactions in that period. AOV (average value of an order): AOV is determined by dividing the total revenue by the number of orders, resulting in an average monetary value of each order. AGM (average gross margin): AGM is calculated by deducting the cost of sales (CS) from the total revenue (TR) in order to determine actual profit. The equation to determine gross margin is: GM = ((TR-CS) / TR) x 100. ALT (average lifetime of a customer). ALT is equal to the churn rate figure divided by 1. The churn rate is determined by taking the number of customers at the beginning of a given period (CB) and measuring it against the customers left at the end of the period (CE). That equation is expressed as: Churn rate = ((CB-CE)/CB) x 100. Method 2: Flexible LTV Flexible lifetime value helps you account for potential changes in revenue. This is particularly useful for new businesses and startups, which are likely to undergo changes as they grow and develop. The formula for measuring flexible LTV is: Flexible LTV = GML x (R/(1 + D – R)) GML (average gross margin per customer lifespan): The amount of profit generated by your business from a given customer in an average lifespan. This is measured by the equation: Gross Margin x (Total Revenue / Number of Customers During the Period). D (discount rate): Discount rate measures the rate of return on investment. R (retention rate): Retention rate is determined by measuring the number of customers who repeatedly made purchases (Cb and Ce) against the number of new customers acquired (Cn), expressed in the equation: ((Ce – Cn) / Cb) x 100. How to Analyze the Cost of Acquiring New Customers Every new business encounters the hurdle of acquiring new customers. The cost of acquisition (CAC) is an essential metric for companies looking to accurately determine how much they are spending in order to obtain a new customer. The formula is: CAC = (sales and marketing costs / number of acquired customers) Your LTV to CAC ratio can help you determine whether the building blocks of your marketing efforts are strong or need to be adjusted. If your CAC is less than your LTV, it indicates that your business is strong. If the two metrics are equal, it likely highlights a stagnant business. If your CAC is greater than your LTV, you are looking at a financial loss. FAQs Why use unit economics? Businesses use unit economics to measure the profitability of each customer they acquire and their overall financial performance. Unit economics enables businesses to identify and address inefficiencies and make informed decisions on pricing, marketing, product

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All about Registered Mortgage

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The term mortgagee was firstly well-defined by the Transfer of Property Act, 1882. Since time immemorial it is seen that the property whether it be money, real estate, or the animal is kept as a mortgage during any financial crisis. In today’s time, those property is kept in the hands of the financial institution as security or the loans and that type of loan is knowns as a Registered mortgage loan. Loan and Mortgage Loan A loan is an amount of money that one or more than one individual or; companies borrow from banks or; any other financial organizations to economically manage the scheduled or unplanned events.  However, after this, the borrower incurs a debt, which he has to pay back with interest within a given period. A mortgage refers to the method of offering something as a guarantee or security in contradiction to a loan. A mortgage loan can be used to buy or build a house or refinance a property. Refinancing means getting a new loan for a property although the original loan is still being paid. It is usually done to get a loan with better terms. A mortgage loan is a loan used either by purchasers of tangible property to increase funds to purchase real estate or; by existing property owners to raise funds for any purpose while putting a lien on the property being mortgaged. This kind of loan is taken either to buy or; build a house or; refinance a property. Refinancing refers to getting a new loan for a property while the original loan is still unpaid. Meaning of Registered Mortgage A registered mortgage is a type of loan in which the mortgagor (borrower) willingly gives all the rights to the bank over the property in case the person is unable to make the repayment of the loan or if found as a loan nonpayer. A registered mortgage is also commonly known as a Deed of Trust.  Further, with the registered mortgage, the bank has extreme rights over the property and in case of failure to repay the loan in the given period to the bank, then such property is transferred to the bank. However, after this, the banks will have all the control over the property mortgaged. Equitable Mortgage and Registered Mortgage An equitable mortgage has come from the word equity and is a type of financing planning under which the mortgagor (borrower) and the mortgagee (financial institution like banks) mutually decide on the terms and conditions of the mortgage loan. Further, in such type of financing, the government body or any other third party abstains from envelopment. Following are the key difference between Equitable Mortgage vs. Registered Mortgage: Parameters Equitable Mortgage Registration Mortgage Process Buying stamp paper is mandatory Need to contact the office of the sub-registrar Affordability Less Expensive in comparison Slightly more expensive Registration No registration needed Registration is needed Cost Involved The cost of stamp duty is either 0.1% of home value or 0.2% Need to spend 5% of the home value  Lender’s Rights In case of default, the financial institution takes over the mortgage property and auctions it to recoup its loss. In case of default, the mortgaged property is transferred to the financial institution and they have the right to do whatever they want to do. They can use or sell it. Risk If compared to a registered mortgage, an equitable mortgage has a higher risk. It provides security to both borrowers and lenders. It is risk-free. Registered Mortgage Process A registered mortgage deed is signed between the borrower, lender, and the registrar at the sub-registrar office. A registered mortgage is registered in the records of the registrar. Further, the registered Mortgage borrowers must approach the Sub-Register office. This registration is mandatory and is more expensive as compared to an equitable mortgage. Following are the steps to check the status of the mortgage of such property:  At first visit the official website of CERSAI at https://www.cersai.org.in/CERSAI/home.prg. Click on the ‘Public search’ tab. On-screen the options will appear; Asset-based search, debtor-based search, AOR Based search, search report. Click and see the Status. FAQs What is a registered mortgage? A registered mortgage is a legal document that grants a lender a security interest in a property owned by a borrower. It is registered with the appropriate government authority, usually a land registry or a similar institution, to provide public notice of the lender’s claim on the property. How does a registered mortgage work? When a borrower takes out a loan secured by a registered mortgage, they pledge their property as collateral to the lender. If the borrower defaults on the loan, the lender can foreclose on the property and sell it to recover the outstanding debt. What are the benefits of a registered mortgage for lenders? Registered mortgages provide lenders with a legal claim on the borrower’s property, which reduces the risk of lending. It allows lenders to foreclose on the property if the borrower defaults, providing a means to recover the outstanding debt. Practice area’s of B K Goyal & Co LLP Income Tax Return Filing | Income Tax Appeal | Income Tax Notice | GST Registration | GST Return Filing | FSSAI Registration | Company Registration | Company Audit | Company Annual Compliance | Income Tax Audit | Nidhi Company Registration| LLP Registration | Accounting in India | NGO Registration | NGO Audit | ESG | BRSR | Private Security Agency | Udyam Registration | Trademark Registration | Copyright Registration | Patent Registration | Import Export Code | Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection | Section 8 Company | Foreign Company | 80G and 12A Certificate | FCRA Registration |DGGI Cases | Scrutiny Cases | Income Escapement Cases | Search & Seizure | CIT Appeal | ITAT Appeal | Auditors | Internal Audit | Financial Audit | Process Audit | IEC Code | CA Certification | Income Tax Penalty Notice u/s 271(1)(c) | Income Tax Notice u/s 142(1) | Income Tax Notice u/s 144 |Income Tax Notice u/s 148 | Income Tax Demand Notice | Psara License | FCRA Online Company Registration Services in major

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Relieving Letter : Complete Guide with Format and Sample

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Related Guide Resignation Letter Govt Employee Resgination Letter Appointment Letter Retirement of Director Appointment of Auditor Relieving letter is a type of official document provided to an employee on resignation confirming that he/she has been relieved of duty. Relieving letters are often requested by the new employer to ensure that the employee completed his/her notice period and left the previous employer after completing all necessary formalities. Relieving letters are mostly addressed to the employee leaving the organisation and is provided on the letterhead of the company on the last date of employment. Prior to providing a relieving letter, the employer must obtain from the employee a resignation letter. In some cases, relieving letter could be provided to the new employer confirming that the employee left employment after completing all necessary formalities. relieving letter format What is a relieving letter? Relieving letter is an official document issued to an employee leaving an organisation. It states that the employee has been relieved from their duties & responsibilities by the previous employer after finishing all the required formalities.  Typically, a relieving letter is printed on the employer’s letterhead and given to the employee on their last working day. Relieving letter format A relieving letter’s tone should be professional, and the content should be concise. Given that the employer’s name goes into it, the employer should ensure that the document’s drafting is done appropriately. The following are the Details required in a relieving letter Date The issuance date is the first section and it should be written on top of the page. The date can be a piece of critical information in case of any disputes. Employee Information The employee information, along with the name, designation, and department, comes just below the date of issuance. The company’s name can also be provided in this section. Subject This section provides a brief about the letter’s purpose. Salutation In this part, the letter’s recipient is addressed by the first name preceded by a formal salutation. For example, ‘Dear Rahul’. Body of the letter This section captures particulars about the employee’s resignation and the fact that the employer has accepted it. It also includes when the employee tendered the resignation and when is the last day of employment. Formalities and Appreciation Here, the employer assures that the employee will receive the full and final settlement after a particular period. The assurance is followed by thanks and wishes for the employee. Signature The signature on the bottom left of the page marks the end of the letter Relieving Letter Sample 16.06.2024 To, Vishal SinghAddress Line 1,Address Line 2,City, State, PIN Subject: Relieving Letter Dear Employee Name, This is in furtherance to your resignation letter dated 01st April 2024 wherein you had requested to be relieved from your services with effect from 30th May 2024 after serving 2 months notice period. We wish to inform you that your resignation was accepted and you are being relieved from your position of Senior Associate with Company Name with effect from 30th May 2024. Your full and final settlement would be processed and credited in the next 45 days to the account provided during your employment. We appreciate your contributions to Company Name and wish you all the best for your future endeavours. Regards, For “Company Name” HR Manager Download Relieving Letter Sample PDF Download Relieving Letter Sample Word Relieving Letter Request An employee may request its employer for relieving letter after termination of his employement or his resignation. A relieving letter helps the employee in maintain his own records and also in many cases, relieving letter from the old company is being asked by the new employer at the time of joining a new job. In case the previous employer did not issue the relieving letter then the employee can request the same from the HR of the Company. The format of such Relieving Letter Request Application is as follows: Relieving letter request format Date: 16.06.2024 To,Shekhar Sharma,HR Manager,Name of the Company Subject: Request for Relieving Letter Dear Sir, I am writing this letter in order to request you to issue me my relieving letter. I resigned from the organisation on  01st April 2024. The notice period of 2 month has also been served by me and my last working day was on 30th May 2024. I have also completed all the formalities. I have worked for your organisation for 6 years with utmost sincerity and dedication. Thus, I would be very grateful if you can issue my relieving letter along with the final settlement of my dues as soon as possible. I shall be joining the new company on 1st September 2024 and need to submit the documents at the time of joining. I, therefore request you to do the needful at the earliest. Thanks and regards, Signature Rahul Jain Download Relieving Letter Request Format PDF Download Relieving Letter Request Format Word FAQs Is a terminated employee eligible for a relieving letter? Yes, a terminated employee also receives a relieving letter, but it clearly mentions the reason for departure as termination. Can an employer deny a relieving letter? Yes, the employer can deny relieving letters based on an employee’s misconduct or other similar issues. The employer should provide relieving letters to the departed employees in all other cases. What is the difference between an experience letter and a relieving letter? An employee’s resignation is accepted in the relieving letter, and the last working day is mentioned. An experience letter, also known as the service certificate, details an employee’s name, designation, gross annual salary, date of joining, date of leaving and the kind of experience an employee has had. Although, some companies only give a relieving letter and club the details of the service certificate in that itself. Is it compulsory to issue relieving letter No, it is not compulsory to issue the relieving letter. It depends on HR policies of the company. Though it is recommended that the same should be issued as it will be helpful for both employee and the company for their record purpose. In case you

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The journey from being a founder.

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Relationships between startup founders are among the most complex you will experience in life. For a startup to be successful, the foundation established by the early founder dynamic must be capable of withstanding immense pressure. When I speak to entrepreneurs about their founder relationships and consider my own experience, I find that the subject matter of tough conversations is often similar, but the magnitude of difficulty is driven largely by when they happen. I recommend founders have tough conversations at the earliest stages of their startup. The process helps bond the founding team and ensures that when challenges do arise, ground work has already been laid for the business to make the best possible decisions.  Founder Identity vs. Role Identity When you work on a startup for many years, your status as a founder becomes core to your identity. The word founder evokes characteristics like leadership, ambition, independence, creativity, and success. Founder status is a major part of who we are and it will stick with us even after our startup finishes its independent journey, regardless of outcome. Even though I’m now a venture capitalist, I still think of myself as a founder and an entrepreneur — it is core to who I am. A key challenge arises when we conflate Founder Identity with Role Identity (and title). A common scenario is when a startup outgrows a founder’s experience level in a particular role and seeks to hire above them. For the organization, that’s a great thing because it means that the business is growing. And even though the idea of doing whatever it takes to help your startup succeed is intuitive to a founder, this particular case can trigger feelings of betrayal, failure, inadequacy, and frustration. This happens when we’ve conflated our Founder Identity with Role Identity. No matter how your title or the nature of your work changes over time, you will always be a founder. Founder Identity vs. CEO Identity During a period of sustained difficulty at Looksharp I called a board member and asked him if we should consider hiring another CEO. He said no, but in broaching the subject I was acting as a founder whose obligation was to consider any possible way of helping the company, even if it meant removing myself from the top job. CEOs tend to scale more easily than founders in other roles because the job doesn’t require domain specialization in the same way. The CEO has the benefit of being able to surround themselves with more experienced executives. That strategy breaks down pretty quickly, however, if members of your executive team are equally inexperienced. In either case, when an organization decides to recruit somebody with more experience to manage a founder’s domain, it’s actually a huge opportunity to help the company leap forward and accelerate your professional learning curve. You get to either level up your game by learning from the best or think about contributing to a totally different part of the organization that interests you. If you think about it, flexibility in your role aligns perfectly with the founder’s obligation to contribute in the greatest way possible to the overall success of the company. Can you tell from the beginning whether a Founder can become a successful CEO? When starting, as a founder you are the decision-maker and the employee doing most of the things by yourself. You don’t need sophisticated visions, strategic plans, roadmaps, – it is all in your head. Your focus is developing the right product, finding the right market (and recruiting the close team and finding the financial resources. Then at the moment, the company starts shipping the first products or having the first clients and you are not any more confused about your business model, your job becomes completely different. It is not only about the product anymore, it is about growth, clients, efficiency, cost management, recruitment, management. You start creating specialized functions, systems, and structures to manage the growing business. You have to make sure that the growth doesn’t happen at the expense of the profit and that you are managing costs as well as the sales. Then you have to resist the temptation of doing things yourself and delegate to the experts and teams without interfering in the process. No more doing! So difficult for a founder! After all, they can do it better! But they have to let go. This transition is the turning point! What a complexity! As a CEO they have to show the stars and lead the way. The job becomes fundamentally different. And requires a completely new set of skills. To better explain this last point, I thought to share what I believe should be the roadmap and compass for the founder CEO – the job!  Unlike the other roles, the role of the founder CEO is not always well defined. So, they create it consciously sometimes unconsciously, often by experimenting and going with the flow. The first thing the founder CEO should ask is « What is my job »? « Where should I focus my time and my energy »? How would I achieve my major goal: creating a great company (however this translates in tangible terms)? When I start coaching founders one of the first things I check out is their last past month’s agenda to find out how they are spending their time. Do they focus on their core business or are they doing other things? Of course, for certain dimensions below, they are not the « doer », just the « architect » and the final decision-maker. They have to make sure that all those variables of the performance below are aligned to the strategy, mission, and vision and assure coherence in between them. After all, it is their responsibility to make the system work and their fault when things go wrong.  Structural elements Mission Vision Strategy  The business model Culture Objectives Operations (including all the functions) The performance (balance cost-profit-growth-customer experience) The performance management indicators  The organization structure The Team &

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