The Indian Union Budget 2017-18 allocated 2.78 lakh crore rupees to Centrally Sponsored Schemes. The core of the core schemes and the core schemes are the two types of CentralSponsored Schemes.
What is a centrally sponsored scheme?
- These are schemes that are funded partially by both the Central and State Governments.
- It is a channel which the central government uses to help the states run their plans financially.
- The amount of state participation varies from state to state.
- Their implementation rests on the Union territories and the States.
- These schemes are further divided into three categories based on their funding patterns i.e. the core of the core, core and optional.
- The flagship schemes of the central government are called Core of Core schemes or umbrella schemes.
- Examples: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (MGNREGA), National Social Assistance Programme etc.
- Core schemes: The funding pattern is usually 60:40. The central government takes up more share in these schemes and the states are expected to pitch in the remaining funds.
- Although, in cases of difficulty where states like North Eastern states, Jammu & Kashmir, and some special category states need extra attention, a 90:10 ratio of funding can be seen usually.
- Examples: Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri A was Yojana (PMAY), Integrated Watershed Development Programme etc.
- Optional schemes: Normally state governments plan the schemes and request the central government to fund some portion of the total outlay. The general funding pattern of the optional schemes is 50:50 (State: Center).
- However, the Central government may take up the task of funding more if the scheme is to be implemented in backward areas or difficult terrains.
- Examples: Border Area Development Programme, and Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission among others.
The core of the Core Schemes (consists of six schemes)
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
- Umbrella Programme for Development of Minorities
- Umbrella Programme for Development of Scheduled Tribes
- National Social Assistance Programme
- Umbrella Programme for Development of the Other Vulnerable Groups
- Umbrella Scheme for Development of Scheduled Castes
Core Schemes (22 schemes)
- White Revolution
- Green Revolution
- Blue Revolution
- Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) – SBM: Rural and SBM: Urban
- National Rural Drinking Water Mission
- National Health Mission (NHM) – National Urban Health Mission, National Rural Health Mission, Tertiary Care Programmes, Human Resources for the Health and Medical Education, and National AYUSH Mission
- Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna
- Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana
- National Programme of Mid-Day Meal in Schools
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna – PMAY: Rural and PMAY: Urban
- Integrated Child Development Services – National Nutrition Mission, Child Protection Scheme and the Scheme for the welfare of working children in need of care and protection, Anganwadi Services, Maternity Benefit Programme, Scheme for Adolescent Girls, National Creche Scheme
- National Education Mission – Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Teachers Training and Adult Education, Rashtriya Uchhatar Shiksha Abhiyan
- National Health Protection Scheme- erstwhile RSSY
- National Livelihood Mission (Aajeevika) – National Rural Livelihood Mission, National Urban Livelihood Mission
- The mission for Empowerment and Protection for Women
- Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission
- Environment, Forestry, and Wildlife
- Jobs and Skill Development
- Infrastructure Facilities for Judiciary
- Border Area Development Programme
- Urban Rejuvenation Mission: AMRUT – that stands for Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and the Urban Transformation & Smart Cities Mission
- Modernisation of Police Forces
FAQs
What are Central Sector Schemes?
All initiatives wholly sponsored and implemented by the Central Agencies are included in the Central Sector Schemes.
Central Sector Schemes now have a larger budget allocation than centrally sponsored schemes (6.67 lakh crore rupees).
The Economic sector allocations, general sector allocations, social sector allocations, grants-in-aid, and subsidy schemes are all examples of central sector schemes (Fertilizer, Food, Fuel, and others).
Industrial Development scheme, 2017 of Jammu and Kashmir?
Aim: To take industrial development to the block level in the Union Territory (UT) of J and K, for the first time in any Government of India Industrial Incentive Scheme, to achieve more sustainable and balanced industrial growth throughout the whole UT.
Beneficiaries: The scheme appeals to small and large industrial enterprises.
Expenditure: For 2020-21 to 2036-37, the financial outlay is Rs. 28,400 crores (17 years).
J&K’s Role in Implementation: The system envisions the UT of J&K playing a larger role in the scheme’s registration and operation, as well as sufficient checks and balances in the form of an independent audit agency before claims are granted.