In India, income tax is calculated using income tax slabs and rates for the applicable financial year (FY) and assessment year (AY). For this year, the financial year will be 2024-25, and the assessment year will be 2025-26.
Note – As per the Budget, the New Tax Regime will be considered as the default tax regime if the taxpayer has not opted for any. But taxpayers can choose either the new tax regime or the old tax regime.
What is the Income Tax Slab?
Income Tax in India follows a tax slab system. Here, taxpayers’ income is categorised as ranges or slabs and certain tax rates are assigned to them. This is a progressive system of taxation where people earning more income are taxed at higher income tax slabs in proportion to their higher income.
By introducing income tax slabs in India, the Government of India aims to achieve a fair taxation system for all citizens. With this aim, the government revises the tax slabs periodically and announces amendments to the Union Budget accordingly.
Now that you know what income tax slabs are, let’s take you through the different slabs under the old and new tax regimes for a better understanding.
For several years, many people purchased life insurance simply as a tax-saving method. The truth is, life insurance plays a crucial role in every sound financial plan. Before we create financial plans for the upcoming financial year, let’s better understand the new rules and regulations. In February 2023, the finance minister outlined the budget for the upcoming year, which included a few changes to the new tax regime. The finance minister reduced the number of tax slabs and extended the standard deduction to the salaried class and pensioners as well.
Income Tax Slabs Under New Tax Regime for FY 2023-24, FY 2024-25
Tax Slab | Rates |
Up to Rs. 3,00,000 | NIL |
Rs. 300,001 to Rs. 6,00,000 | 5% (Tax Rebate u/s 87A) |
Rs. 6,00,001 to Rs. 900,000 | 10% (Tax Rebate u/s 87A up to Rs 7 lakh) |
Rs. 9,00,001 to Rs. 12,00,000 | 15% |
Rs. 12,00,001 to Rs. 1500,000 | 20% |
Above Rs. 15,00,000 | 30% |
Changes Announced in the New Tax Regime in Budget 2023
Listed below are the changes announced in the new tax regime income tax slabs in Budget 2023 for the financial year 2023-24:
- The new income tax regime will be the default tax regime. This means that unless and until an individual explicitly chooses the old tax regime, the person’s income will be taxed as per the new tax regime’s slabs.
- The basic exemption limit was hiked to Rs 3 lakh from Rs 2.5 lakh in the new tax regime slabs.
- A standard deduction of Rs 50,000 was introduced under the new regime for salaried and individuals who get pensions.
- Under the new regime, family pensioners can also claim a standard deduction of Rs 15,000
- The highest surcharge rate of 37% reduced to 25% in the new regime
- Rebate under Section 87A increased to taxable income of Rs 7 lakh (tax rebate of 25,000) from 5 lakh (tax rebate of Rs 12,500)
Income Tax Slabs Under Old Tax Regime
Here are the income tax slabs under the old tax regime of the Income Tax Act, 1961-
Old Tax Regime Slabs | Individuals (Age < 60 years) | Resident Senior Citizens (More than 60 but less than 80 years) | Resident Super Senior Citizens (80 years and above) |
Upto Rs 2,50,000 | Nil | Nil | Nil |
Rs 2,50,001 to Rs 3,00,000 | 5% | Nil | Nil |
Rs 3,00,001 to Rs Rs 5,00,000 | 5% | 5% | Nil |
Rs 5,00,001 to Rs 10,00,000 | 20% | 20% | 20% |
Above Rs 10,00,000 | 30% | 30% | 30% |
Tax Slabs for Domestic Companies
The income tax slabs for domestic companies are as follows-
Particulars | Existing or Old Regime Tax Rates | New Regime Tax Rates |
Company opts for section 115BAB (not covered in section 115BA and 115BAA) & is registered on/after October 1, 2019 and has started manufacturing on/before 31st March 2023 | – | 15% |
Company opts for Section 115BAA , where the total income of a company has been calculated without claiming specified deductions, exemptions, incentives, and additional depreciation | – | 22% |
Company opts for section 115BA registered on/after March 1, 2016, and is in the manufacture of any article or thing and does not claim a deduction as specified in the section | – | 25% |
Turnover/gross receipt of the company is less than Rs. 400 crores in the previous year | 25% | 25% |
Other Domestic Company | 30% | 30% |
- Surcharge applicable for companies-
- 7% of Income tax where total income is more than Rs 1 crore
- 12% of Income tax where total income is more than Rs.10 crores
- 10% of income tax where domestic company opted Section 115BAA and 115BAB
- Additional Health & Education Cess Rate – 4%
Income Tax Rate for Partnership Firm or LLP as Per Old/New Regime
A partnership firm or an LLP is taxable at 30%
Note –
- A Surcharge of 12% is levied on incomes above Rs 1 crore.
- Health and Education Cess Rate – 4 %
Comparison of Income Tax Slabs under New Regime - Before and After the Budget
The HUF and Individual tax slab applicable are-
Slab | New Tax Regime (Before Budget 2023 – until 31 March 2023) | New Tax Regime (After Budget 2023 – From 01 April 2023) |
Rs. 0 to Rs. 2,50,000 | NIL | NIL |
Rs. 2,50,000 to Rs. 3,00,000 | 5% | NIL |
Rs. 3,00,000 to Rs. 5,00,000 | 5% | 5% |
Rs. 5,00,000 to Rs. 6,00,000 | 10% | 5% |
Rs. 6,00,000 to Rs. 7,50,000 | 10% | 10% |
Rs. 7,50,000 to Rs. 9,00,000 | 15% | 10% |
Rs. 9,00,000 to Rs. 10,00,000 | 15% | 15% |
Rs. 10,00,000 to Rs. 12,00,000 | 20% | 15% |
Rs. 12,00,000 to Rs. 12,50,000 | 20% | 20% |
Rs. 12,50,000 to Rs. 15,00,000 | 25% | 20% |
More than Rs. 15,00,000 | 30% | 30% |
Tax Slab Rate for FY 2024-25 (AY 2025-26), New Tax Regime – Why an Option to Choose is Given?
Under the new regime of taxation, the taxpayers can avail of an option to opt for one of the following-
- To pay tax at lower rates according to the New regime of taxation on the condition that they refrain from specific exemptions (permissible) and deductions under income tax.
- To continue paying the taxes under the existing income tax rates. The taxpayer can avail of exemptions and rebates by opting into the old regime and paying tax at the existing higher rate.
Conditions for Opting for the New Tax Regime
The taxpayers who have opted for the new regime will tend to forbear some deductions and exemptions that are available in the old regime of taxation.
Some of the common deductions & exemptions not allowed under the new regime are-
- Leave Travel Allowance
- Conveyance allowance
- House Rent Allowance
- Relocation allowance
- Children education allowance
- Professional tax
- Daily expenses in the course of employment
- Helper allowance
- Deduction under Chapter VI-A deduction (80C,80D, 80E etc.) (Except Section 80CCD(2))
- Standard deduction on salary
- Interest on housing loan (Section 24)
- Other special allowances (Section 10(14))
Common Deductions that are Allowed under New Tax Rate Regime
- Investment in Notified Pension Scheme under section 80CCD(2)
- Conveyance allowance for expenditure incurred for travelling to work
- Depreciation under section 32, except additional depreciation
- Deduction for employment of new employees under section 80JJAA
- Any allowance for travelling for employment or on transfer
- Transport allowance for specially-abled people
Distinction Between the Old Regime and the New Regime
In the fiscal year 2020-21, a new tax regime was implemented in addition to the existing old tax regime. Taxpayers in FY 2024-25 (AY 2025-26) can select between these income tax regimes and pay tax appropriately.
There are two significant distinctions between India’s two income tax regimes:
- To begin with, the new regime of taxation has more tax slabs with lower tax rates than the old regime tax slab. As a result, the tax slabs for FY 2024-25 fluctuate depending on whether you choose the new or old tax regime.
- Second, all of the important deductions and exemptions available under the previous tax regime, such as Section 80C, Section 80D, and so on, are no longer available if you choose the new regime of taxation.
Tax deductions and exclusions enable taxpayers to decrease their tax liability by investing, saving, or spending on specified financial instruments.
In comparison, the previous tax scheme allowed for up to 70 deductions or exclusions to reduce your taxable income and income tax liability in the fiscal year.
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