POSHAN (Prime Minister’s Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nutrition) Abhiyaan, also known as National Nutrition Mission, was launched by Shri Narendra Modi, Honorable Prime Minister on the occasion of the International Women’s Day on 8th March 2018 from Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan. It is a flagship programme of the Government of India that aims to improve nutritional outcomes for children, pregnant women and lactating mothers.
The abhiyaan operates with the objective drawing public attention towards the issue of malnutrition and address it in a mission-mode. NITI Aayog has been involved in its operation as it presented a micro analysis of the problems persisting within this area and formulated a related strategy.
Shri Narendra Modi, Honorable Prime Minister for winning the National Nutrition Mission (Poshan Abhiyaan) Logo Designing Competition. The Logo is made using Indian tricolor and is designed in the shape of a growing plant. It presents icons of two persons. The name POSHAN Abhiyaan is followed by its expanded form, which is further followed by the objective in Devanagari script i.e., “सही पोषण -देश रोशन”.
The Initial Phase & Impact
Focusing on results, the initial phase of the project kick-started in 2017 by piloting interventions, which included incremental learning for community nutrition workers. The nodal ministry sent out guidelines through each department for community mobilization. This has since then trained about 0.4 million ICDS staff and nutrition workers, on maternal, child nutrition counselling and about 29.7 million pregnant and lactating women through the ICDS service in 162 districts in 8 states.
Activities under POSHAN Abhiyaan
- POSHAN Maah: The Month of September is celebrated as POSHAN Maah across the country to ensure community mobilization and bolster people’s participation in improving the nutritional status of the community
- POSHAN pakhwada emphasises on identification and celebration of healthy child, and integration of modern and traditional practices for a healthy India within the thematic areas around POSHAN MITRA (Modern, IT-based, Traditional and Regional Activities). It is held every year in the month of March for a fortnight.
- POSHAN Vatika or Nutrition Gardens encourages the community to local, seasonal produce for use by the community. The main objective of POSHAN Vatika is to ensure supply of nutrition through organically grown vegetables and fruits, to improve and create awareness about diet diversity in the community and provide different food groups to malnourished children, simultaneously ensuring that the soil remains healthy.
Aim of the Scheme
The NNM is an all-inclusive methodology towards bringing nourishment level up in the nation on a war footing. The scheme proposes to ensure service delivery by use of more technology, behavioural change through incentives and lists down specific targets to be achieved in a phased manner, thus eradicating malnutrition from the country.
It aims to map all the different schemes contributing towards malnutrition, an exceptionally strong convergence mechanism, ICT based Real-Time Monitoring framework, adding incentives for States/UTs for gathering the objectives, boosting Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) for utilizing IT-based devices, eliminating registers utilized by AWWs, presenting measurement of height of children at the Anganwadi Centers (AWCs), Social Audits, setting-up Nutrition Resource Centers, including masses through Jan Andolan for their support on nourishment through different exercises, among others.
Impacts of Poshan Abhiyaan
Using technology, a targeted approach and moving in the same direction in a phased manner, this scheme introduced can reduce the level of stunting, under-nutrition, low-birth weight, and anaemia. IT also focuses on pregnant women and lactating mothers, adolescent girl children, thus on a whole addressing the issue of malnutrition.
Identifying the existing gaps in the already existing Anganwadi services and bringing innovation through technology, this scheme looks at deploying a multipronged approach. Taking it to the people through various community deployment programs thus creating a nutritionally aware society
Making sure of a holistic approach the way forward would be to implement NNM in a phased manned that all 36 states/UTs and districts would be covered and more than 10 crores would be benefitted from this scheme. The Ministry of Women and Child development will provide the necessary platform and augment a synergized approach to eradicate malnutrition in the country.
This project will include investments to improve the skills of ICDS staffs, introducing technology-based tools for constant monitoring, management, and implementation, aiding community helpers and nutrition workers in every district for better outreach to the beneficiaries.
Guidelines
The guidelines distributed through ICDS to all states/UTs stated the suggested outcomes must be targeted for the pilot implementation.
- Bringing all the services in one umbrella under the Poshan Abhiyaan
- IYCF practices to be maintained even at household levels, especially pertaining to breastfeeding.
- Reducing nutritional anaemia among adolescents, pregnant and lactating women, and children.
- Providing better access to good quality nutrition for complementary feed in households under the poverty line.
- Bringing about a clear mechanism to identify SAM children in time and providing care for them.
- To improve managing the child feeding during and after an illness.
- Providing improvements in hygiene determinant of nutrition.
- Improving access to all departments simultaneously.
- Serviceability of Anganwadi centres.
- Bringing about innovations towards behavioural change communication.
- Increasing the nutrition efficiency of centres.
The States/UTs could choose pilot programs from the above or introduce innovation targeting the same. All programs were to be monitored by the departments, and the norms for funding for the same was evaluated based on the proposal shared, which should include the following:
- A clear action plan with timelines
- Robust monitoring and Evaluation structure
- Indicate implementation structure and funds flow
- Depict Scalability and contextual specificity
- Clarity and relevance of the concept to be introduced
- The mechanism, of course, correct if the need arises
Events under POSHAN Abhiyaan
- Community Based Events (CBE): Community Based Events are held on the 8th & 22nd of every month in all Anganwadis across the country. The themes for these events include local festivals and rituals such as Annaprasan Diwas, Suposhan Diwas, celebrating coming of age–getting ready for preschool at Anganwadi centres, messages related to public health to improve nutrition indicators and reduce illness, among other activities.
- Village Health Sanitation Nutrition Day (VHSND): The VHSND day is conducted regularly on the 15th of every month in convergence with the Health department and the Gram Panchayat.
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