Section 18 – THE COPYRIGHT ACT, 1957

— (1) The owner of the copyright in an existing work or the prospective
owner of the copyright in a future work may assign to any person the copyright either wholly or partially and
either generally or subject to limitations and either for the whole term of the copyright or any part thereof:
Provided that in the case of the assignment of copyright in any future work, the assignment shall take effect
only when the work comes into existence.

1
Ins. by Act 23 of 1983, s. 8(a) (w.e.f. 9-8-1984).
2
Ins. by Act 23 of 1983, s. 8(b) (w.e.f. 9-8-1984).
3
Ins. by Act 27 of 2012, s. 7 (w.e.f. 21-6-2012).
1
[Provided further that no such assignment shall be applied to any medium or mode of exploitation of the
work which did not exist or was not in commercial use at the time when the assignment was made, unless the
assignment specifically referred to such medium or mode of exploitation of the work:
Provided also that the author of the literary or musical work included in a cinematograph film shall not assign
or waive the right to receive royalties to be shared on an equal basis with the assignee of copyright for the
utilization of such work in any form other than for the communication to the public of the work along with the
cinematograph film in a cinema hall, except to the legal heirs of the authors or to a copyright society for collection
and distribution and any agreement to contrary shall be void:
Provided also that the author of the literary or musical work included in the sound recording but not forming
part of any cinematograph film shall not assign or waive the right to receive royalties to be shared on an equal
basis with the assignee of copyright for any utilization of such work except to the legal heirs of the authors or to a
collecting society for collection and distribution and any assignment to the contrary shall be void.]
(2) Where the assignee of a copyright becomes entitled to any right comprised in the copyright, the assignee
as respects the rights so assigned, and the assignor as respects the rights not assigned, shall be treated for the
purposes of this Act as the owner of copyright and the provisions of this Act shall have effect accordingly.
(3) In this section, the expression “assignee” as respects the assignment of the copyright in any future work
includes the legal representatives of the assignee, if the assignee dies before the work comes into existence.