Section 19 – THE COPYRIGHT ACT, 1957

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[(1)] No assignment of the copyright in any work shall be valid unless it
is in writing signed by the assignor or by his duly authorised agent.
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[(2) The assignment of copyright in any work shall identify such work, and shall specify the rights assigned
and the duration and territorial extent of such assignment.
(3) The assignment of copyright in any work shall also specify the amount of 4
[royalty and any other
consideration payable], to the author or his legal heirs during the currency of the assignment and the assignment
shall be subject to revision, extension or termination on terms mutually agreed upon by the parties.
(4) Where the assignee does not exercise the rights assigned to him under any of the other sub-sections of
this section within a period of one year from the date of assignment, the assignment in respect of such rights shall
be deemed to have lapsed after the expiry of the said period unless otherwise specified in the assignment.
(5) If the period of assignment is not stated, it shall be deemed to be five years from the date of assignment.
(6) If the territorial extent of assignment of the rights is not specified, it shall be presumed to extend within
India.
(7) Nothing in sub-section (2) or sub-section (3) or sub-section (4) or sub-section (5) or sub-section (6) shall

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Ins. by Act 27 of 2012, s. 8 (w.e.f. 21-6-2012)
2 Section 19 re-numbered as sub-section (1) thereof by Act 23 of 1983, s. 9 (w.e.f. 9-8-1984).
3 Subs. by Act 38 of 1994, s. 8, for sub-section (2) (w.e.f. 10-5-1995).
4 Subs. by Act 27 of 2012, s. 9(i), for “royalty payable, if any” (w.e.f. 21-6-2012).
be applicable to assignments made before the coming into force of the Copyright (Amendment) Act, 1994 (38 of
1994)].
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[(8) The assignment of copyright in any work contrary to the terms and conditions of the rights already
assigned to a copyright society in which the author of the work is a member shall be void.]
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[(9) No assignment of copyright in any work to make a cinematograph film shall affect the right of the
author of the work to claim an equal share of royalties and consideration payable in case of utilisation of the work
in any form other than for the communication to the public of the work, along with the cinematograph film in a
cinema hall.]
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[(10) No assignment of the copyright in any work to make a sound recording which does not form part of
any cinematograph film shall affect the right of the author of the work to claim an equal share of royalties and
consideration payable for any utilization of such work in any form.]
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[19A. Disputes with respect to assignment of copyright.— (